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Writing about computer science, low-level systems, AI experiments, and things I've built.

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Article

Type Qualifiers

The three C type qualifiers — const, volatile, and restrict — what they mean, and how to apply them to variables, pointers, and objects.

Article

RFC

What an RFC is, how the RFC Editor works, the types of RFCs, the Internet standards track, and the tradition of joke RFCs.

Article

Processor Modes

Why grouping similar CPU instructions together improves performance by reducing mode-switching overhead, illustrated with the Pentium MMX example.

Article

Null Pointer

Why NULL is reserved for pointer operations in C, how it is defined, and why mixing it with integer zero causes problems.

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Tutorial

GDB step-by-step debugging

A practical walkthrough of debugging C programs with GDB — breakpoints, watchpoints, and reading stack frames.

Tutorial

What is GCC

The history of GCC — from Richard Stallman's original release to the EGCS merger, GPL licensing, and Windows support.

Tutorial

Using GCC

How to compile single and multi-source C programs with GCC — object files, the -g flag, -c flag, -I flag, and PATH setup.

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History

IBM 701 — The Speed Demon

IBM's first commercially available scientific computer, introduced in 1953 and born from the demands of the Korean War.

History

Fortran (1957)

The world's first high-level programming language, created by John Backus at IBM to make programming accessible beyond assembly.

History

COBOL (1959)

The business programming language born from a Pentagon-led collective effort, designed with "maximum use of Simple English" in mind.